Puffy feet and swollen legs usually aren’t reason for alarm. But the key word is “usually.”
The reasons for edema (swelling) often are ordinary – hot weather, sitting or standing for a long time ,or eating too much salty food. If the swelling isn’t accompanied by other signs and symptoms and goes away within about 24 hours, a visit to the doctor probably isn’t needed.
Longer-lasting or recurring edema, even if fairly slight, typically warrants a doctor’s appointment, according to the July issue of Mayo Clinic Heath Letter. Some causes of edema are serious, such as heart failure, kidney disease, liver damage or blood clots. Edema can be a side effect of commonly used drugs such as certain blood pressure medications, hormones, medications that open blood vessels and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Some herbal supplements also can contribute to edema.
A doctor will try to identify the possible causes of edema. The underlying conditions and the edema can be treated. Chronic edema can cause pain and discomfort, itchy rashes, and reddish-brown skin discoloration. Treatment options include:
· Sodium restriction: Reducing salt consumption helps decrease retention of body fluids.
· Diuretic drugs: These medications increase the kidney’s output of water and sodium and are most effective when patients reduce sodium consumption.
· Exercise: Moving and using the muscles of the affected area can enhance circulation of blood and body fluids.
· Elevation: Raising the affected limb(s) over the level of the heart for about 30 minutes or longer, while sleeping, helps blood and excess fluids circulate.
· Compression stockings or bandages: These keep pressure on limbs to prevent fluids from collecting in the tissues. Bandages and stockings typically are worn below the knees.
